Authors: M.D. Skursky

Title of the article: On the material composition of coals

Year: 2022, Issue: 1, Pages: 31-82

Branch of knowledge: 2.8.3 Mining and oil and gas field ge-ology, geophysics, surveying and subsurface geometry (engineering)

Index UDK: 553.94/96+553.98

DOI: 10.26730/2618-7434-2022-1-31-82

Abstract: Fossil coal is a solid combustible sedimentary rock of plant origin, containing mineral impurities (up to 50%) and occurring in the form of bedded deposits. Coal is a complex aggregate of various components, a complex heterogeneous mixture, rather than an individual organic or mineral substance. When studying the material (petrographic) composition of fossil coals, they visually distinguish with the naked eye macroscopically types, macrocomponents, petrographic types (ingredients or, in other words, lithotypes). Under the microscope in coals, they determine and study the organic matter – the formational elements and the basic mass, with which the microcomponents (macerals) of coal are composed. Macerals (microcomponents), or rather their combinations form microlithotypes. Inorganic microcomponents are also seen and studied under the microscope. Types of humus coals are brown coals, hard coals, anthracites, and liptobiolites. Sapropelic coals are represented by sapropelites.
Knowledge of the petrographic (material) composition of coals is one of the necessary conditions for their rational use in the coking industry, power and municipal sector. This article provides information about the types of coals, the ingredients (lithotypes) of humus coals, mineral components of coal-bearing strata and coals, organic matter of coals. Some background about the origin of the coals is also given.

Key words: coal Kuzbass petrography vitrain clarain durain fusain material composition macerals humus coal liptobiolite ranks of coal

Receiving date: 17.09.2021

Approval date: 22.01.2022

Publication date: 29.01.2022

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